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关于中国境内机构在境外发行债券的管理规定(附英文)

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关于中国境内机构在境外发行债券的管理规定(附英文)

中国人民银行


关于中国境内机构在境外发行债券的管理规定(附英文)
中国人民银行




一、为了更好地利用外资,支持国民经济建设,确保有计划地在国际金融市场上筹资,合理地安排使用借入的资金,加强对境内机构在境外发行债券的管理,特制订本规定。
二、在中国境内注册的法人(以下简称境内机构)在境外发行债券,必须遵守本规定。
三、中国人民银行总行为境内机构在境外发行债券的审批机关。国家外汇管理局及其分局(以下简称管汇部门)为境内机构在境外发行债券的管理机关,负责审查、协调和监督债券的发行及所筹资金的使用和偿还的管理。
四、境内机构需在境外发行债券,应以书面形式向当地管汇部门申请,并根据本规定第六、七、八条提交有关文件和资料,经当地管汇部门审查提出意见后,报国家外汇管理局核报中国人民银行总行批准。
五、境内机构申请在境外发行债券时,应向管汇部门提交下列文件和资料:
1.发行单位最近连续三年的业务、财务及外汇收支情况的报告;
2.发行债券的市场、方式、金额、币种、期限、利率和各项费用等情况;
3.主干事和主受托银行的情况;
4.发行债券所筹资金的管理办法和对汇率、利率风险的管理措施。
5.发行单位偿还债券本息的安排。
六、对发行债券所筹资金用于固定资产投资项目的,申请时,还应提供下列资料:
1.投资项目的可行性分析报告;
2.固定资产投资计划纳入国家或地方计划的证明文件;
3.固定资产投资项目的配套人民币资金和物资的证明文件;
4.发行债券所筹资金的使用计划。
七、对发行债券所筹资金转贷给国内企业的,申请时,应同时提供下列文件和资料:
1.国内企业的业务、财务经营状况和外汇收支情况;
2.国内企业借款的用途和配套人民币及物资的情况;
3.国内企业的借入资金用于固定资产投资纳入国家或地方计划的证明文件;
4.国内企业借入资金的使用和偿还安排;
5.国内企业固定资产投资的项目可行性分析报告;
6.发行单位与借款单位签订的贷款合同。
八、对受国内机构委托发行债券的,申请时应分别由受托机构及当地管汇部门提供下列文件和资料:
1.由受托机构提交委托机构与受托机构签订的发债协议书;
2.由受托机构根据本规定的要求提交有关文件和资料;
3.委托机构和受托机构所在地的管汇部门,应根据国家外汇管理的有关规定,分别提出委托和受托发行境外债券的审查报告。
九、首次在境外发行债券的机构,如需要申请评级,须向管汇部门提出书面申请,并附评级机构名称,用于评级的材料及评级程序等有关情况和资料,经批准后方可对外提出评级申请。评级后,发行机构应在三日内向管汇部门报告评级结果。中国人民银行总行将根据评级情况,决定是
否批准其发行债券。对于再次需要评级的机构,如其评级结果同前次不同的,应在三日内向管汇部门报告其评级结果及原因。
十、对发行机构本身业务经营需要发行债券的,所筹资金必须按批准的用途使用,债券本息的偿还自行负责。
十一、对受地方政府委托发行债券的,所筹资金应用于地方政府安排的项目,债券本息的偿还纳入地方外汇支出计划,由地方政府负责偿还。
十二、对受国家委托发行债券的,所筹资金由国家安排使用,债券本息的偿还纳入国家外汇支出计划,由国家负责偿还。
十三、债券发行单位应在发行债券的当天,将发行情况报告管汇部门,在发行后二十天内将发行债券的有关文件(包括发债说明书等)和资料报管汇部门备案。
十四、债券发行后,要在债券发行地以外的金融市场上市,须事先报管汇部门备案。对债券上市后的价格变化情况,应随时向管汇部门报告。
十五、债券发行单位,在债券发行后,必须根据管汇部门的要求,按季报送资金的使用情况、投资和贷款项目的经营情况以及资金的偿还情况。如果需要改变资金用途,必须事先取得管汇部门的同意。
十六、管汇部门有权检查债券发行单位的资金使用和偿还情况,债券发行单位必须予以配合,提供有关文件和资料。
十七、凡违反本规定的,管汇部门将视其情节轻重,给予警告、罚款和取消其发行债券资格的处罚。
十八、本规定的解释权属国家外汇管理局。


(Promulgated by the People's Bank of China on September 28, 1987)

Whole Doc.

Article 1
These Provisions are hereby formulated with a view to utilizing
foreign investment, supporting the development of national economy,
assuring the raise of funds on the international financial market based on
a plan, making a rational arrangement for use of borrowed funds and
strengthening the control of issuing bonds abroad.
Article 2
Legal entities which are registered in China (hereinafter referred to
as "institute within China" shall abide by these Provisions in respect of
issuing bonds abroad.
Article 3
The head office of the People's Bank of China is the examination and
approval authority in charge of issuing bonds abroad. The State
Administration of Exchange Control and its branch offices (hereinafter
referred to as "exchange control authorities") are the organs regulating
the issue of bonds abroad by resident institutions, and shall take the
responsibility of examining, adjusting and supervising the issue of bonds
and controlling the use and repayment of the raised funds.
Article 4
In need of issuing bonds abroad, resident institutions shall make a
written application to the local exchange control authority and submit
relevant documents and materials in light of Articles 6, 7 and 8 of these
Provisions. with suggestions made by the local exchange control authority
upon examination, the application shall be subject to the check-up by the
State control Administration of exchange and approval by the head office
of the People's Bank of China.
Article 5
In applying for issuing bonds abroad, resident institutions shall
submit the following documents and materials:
1) the report on business, finance and the status of receipt and
disbursement of foreign exchange of bonds issuing institution within the
recent consecutive three years;
2) matters as the market, types, amount, forms of currency, length,
interest rate and various expenditure of bonds issued;
3) the status of main secretaries in charge and main entrusted banks;
4) controlling methods for the funds raised through issuing bonds and
for exchange rate and rate risk;
5) arrangements of bond issuing institutions for paying back
principal plus interest of bonds;
Article 6
In case that funds raised through issuing bonds are to be used for
fixed assets investment, the following materials shall also be provided:
1) feasibility report on investment project;
2) documentation which shows that the plan about fixed assets
investment has been brought into line of the state's or local plan;
3) documentation of necessary Renminbi (RMB) Funds and necessary
goods and materials;
4) the plan for utilizing the funds raised through issuing bonds.

Article 7
In the event that funds raised through issuing bonds are to be relent
to domestic enterprises, the applicants shall present the following
materials in the meanwhile:
1) reports on conditions for the business, finance and receipts and
expenditure of foreign exchange of the domestic enterprises;
2) reports on the purpose of the loan used by the domestic enterprise
and its necessary Renminbi funds and necessary goods and materials;
3) the document testifying that the borrowed funds which are used for
the investment in fixed assets have been brought into line of the state's
or local plan;
4) arrangement for the use and repayment of the funds borrowed by the
domestic enterprise;
5) feasibility report of such domestic enterprise on the project for
investment in fixed assets;
6) a loan agreement signed between the bond issuer and the borrower.
Article 8
If the issuance of bonds is entrusted by a domestic institution, the
following documents and materials shall be provided upon application by
the entrusted institution and the local exchange control authority
respectively:
1) bonds agreement signed between the entrusting and entrusted
institutions, being submitted by the entrusted party;
2) relevant documents and materials submitted by the entrusted
institution according to these Provisions;
3) examination reports on issuing bonds in entrusting and entrusted
ways, which shall be presented respectively by the local exchange control
authorities where the entrusting and entrusted institutions are located,
in light of relevant provisions of the State Administration of Exchange
Control.
Article 9
If in need of application for grading, the institution which issues
bonds abroad for the first time, shall present the exchange control
authority a written application with materials concerning the name of the
institution for grading, materials useful for grading, grading procedures,
etc. the issuing institution shall not apply for grading abroad until the
approval is given, The issuing institution shall make a report on the
grading results to the exchange control authority within 3 days after the
grading. The head office of the People's Bank of China shall, in light of
the results of grading, decide to approve its issue of bonds or not. In
need of another grading, the institution shall give a report on the
results and reasons of the grading to the exchange control authority if
the results of grading differ from that of the last time.
Article 10
If the bonds are issued for the need of its own operation of the
issuing institution, such funds raised shall be used for the purpose as
approved, and the issuing institution shall take the full responsibility
of paying off the principal and interest of bonds.

Article 11
In case the issue of bonds is entrusted by a local government, the
raised funds shall be used for the projects arranged by the local
government, and the repayment of principal plus interest is brought into
line with the local plan for the expenditure of foreign exchange. The
local government shall be responsible for the repayment.
Article 12
If the issue of bonds is entrusted by the State, the raised funds
shall be used according to the State arrangements and the repayment of the
principal and interests is brought into line with the State plan for the
expenses of foreign exchange, The State shall undertake the responsibility
of the repayment.
Article 13
The bond issuing institution shall report the conditions of the
issuing to the exchange control authority, the same day on which bonds are
issued and file the documents and materials concerning the issue
(including the directions for the issuing of bonds, etc.) with the
exchange control authority within 20 days after the issue.
Article 14
If the bonds are to be marketed in a financial market other than the
place in which the bonds are issued after the issuance, the issuing
institution shall in advance report it to the exchange control authority
for the record, and shall provide a report to the exchange control
authority at any time when there are any changes in price after the bonds
went on the market.
Article 15
After the bonds are issued, the issuing institution shall, in the
light of requirement of the exchange control authority, submit quarterly
the reports concerning the use of the funds, operation of the investment
and loan project and the repayment of the funds. If the purpose of the
using the funds is necessary to be changed, the issuing institution shall
obtain the consent from the exchange control authority in advance.
Article 16
The exchange control authority has the right to examine the use and
repayment of the funds, and the issuing institution shall cooperate with
the exchange control authority, presenting relevant documents and
materials.

Article 17
In case of violation of these Provisions, the exchange control
authority may make the punishment of disciplinary warning, fining and even
canceling the qualification for issuing bonds according to the seriousness
of the case.
Article 18
The authority to interpret these Provisions resides in the State
Administration of Exchange Control.






1987年9月28日
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  解除权,是指合同当事人可以解除合同的权利,它的行使能发生合同解除的法律后果,包括约定解除权和法定解除权。[1]解除性质上属于形成权,凭解除人单方的解除合同的意思表示即可,不需要对方当事人同意。解除权的行使需要具备以下几个条件:1、解除权人解除合同的意思表示;2、做出解除行为并通知对方当事人;3、在有效期限内行使。这个有效期限就是合同解除权行使的除斥期间。我国《合同法》第九十五条第一款规定解除权行使的除斥期间既可以由法律规定,也可以由当事人约定;第二款规定在法律没有规定或当事人没有约定的情况下,经对方催告后的合理期限为除斥期间。审判实践中,在处理具体合同解除案件适用该规定时,有不少疑问亟待法律和相关司法解释予以明确。1、合同法第九十五条还遗漏了一种情况下的除斥期间,即法律没有规定或者当事人没有约定解除权行使期限,且对方没有催告的情况下解除权的除斥期间。2、此处的“合理期间”应该怎么认定,多少才算合理呢? 3、除斥期间自何时起算?

  关于第一个问题,即法律没有规定或者当事人没有约定解除权行使期限,且对方没有催告的情况下解除权行使的期限。有人认为既然对方没有催告,那么享有解除权的一方当事人可以随时行使解除权。笔者不赞同此种观点。如果说为了保护守约方的合法权益,防止违约方利用违约获取“不当得利”,赋予守约方解除权,系公平正义要求的体现,那么,允许解除权人在过长的期限内解除合同,动辄废止既有的合同关系,且恢复原状,则破坏现存的法律秩序,走到了公平正义的反面。[2]笔者认为,可以类推适用《最高人民法院关于审理商品房买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第十五条第二款关于“法律没有规定或者当事人没有约定……,对方当事人没有催告的,解除权应当在解除权发生之日起一年内行使;逾期不行使的,解除权消灭”的规定。其理由是:1、合同法第五十五条规定撤销权的行使期间为一年,而解除权与撤销权都属于形成权,因此参照此规定也比较合理。2、规定一年的期限是为了督促权利人及时行使解除权,这样不仅有利于尽早确定违约行为发生后的合同关系,而且可以防止权利人滥用权力给对方当事人带来不必要的担心和损失。

  第二个问题是如何界定合同法九十五条第二款规定的“合理期限”。笔者认,同样可以类推适用《最高人民法院关于审理商品房买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第十五条第一款的规定,即三个月的期限。参照适用的理由有:一是合同法第五十五条规定撤销权的行使期间为一年,而解除权与撤销权都属于形成权,因此参照此规定也比较合理。二是规定一年的期限是为了督促权利人及时行使解除权,这样不仅有利于尽早确定违约行为发生后的合同关系,而且可以防止权利人滥用权力给对方当事人带来不必要的担心和损失,维护社会经济秩序的稳定。三是期限过长,意味着现有的合同关系随时可能会因为解除权人的行为而遭到破坏,出于不稳定的状态,这实际上有损于社会利益,不符合《合同法》设置合同解除制度的目的。

  最后一个是关于除斥期间如何起算问题。笔者认为,法律或者当事人双方已经规定了解除权行使的除斥期间及其起算的,当然依法律规定或当事人合意确定起算点。如果没有规定或约定的,且当事人经过催告,催告中明确了起算点的,依其约定;未明确的,可以把催告通知到达的次日作为除斥期间的第一日。那么在既无法律规定和当事人又无约定,且无催告的情况下,如何确定起算点呢?有以下几种观点:第一种观点认为,除斥期间不起算;这就导致解除权会较长时间地存续,不利于维护交易安全。第二种观点认为,在违约的情况下,适用或者类推适用《最高人民法院关于审理商品房买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第十五条第二款的规定,即解除权的除斥期间从解除权发生之日起算。

  参考文献:

[1]马俊驹,余延满:《民法原论》,法律出版社,第三版,第604页。

[2]崔建远:《解除权问题的疑问与释答(上篇)》 载《政治与法律》,2005年第3期。


  (作者单位:江西省黎川县人民法院)

商务部、外汇局关于简化境外加工贸易项目审批程序和下放权限有关问题的通知

商务部 国家外汇管理局


商务部、外汇局关于简化境外加工贸易项目审批程序和下放权限有关问题的通知

商合发[2003]126号


  为深入贯彻党的十六大和十六届二中全会精神,进一步落实国办发[1999]17号文件,鼓励和推进境外加工贸易发展,加快实施“走出去”战略,根据国务院有关部门机构与职能的调整和深化行政审批制度改革的要求,商务部和国家外汇管理局对境外加工贸易项目的审批程序和权限进行了调整。现将有关事项通知如下:

  一、中方投资额在300万美元以下(含300万美元)的境外加工贸易项目,由投资主体所在省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市外经贸主管部门(含新疆建设兵团外经贸局,以下简称地方主管部门)核准。中方投资额在300万美元以上的境外加工贸易项目,由地方主管部门报商务部核准。

  中央管理的企业及其所属企业在境外投资举办境外加工贸易项目,由中央企业总部径报商务部核准。

  二、境外加工贸易项目申报程序

  (一)由地方主管部门负责核准的境外加工贸易项目,地方主管部门收到境外加工贸易项目的申请后,应在征得我驻外使(领)馆经商参处(室)同意后核准。

  (二)须商务部核准的境外加工贸易项目,由地方主管部门或中央企业总部征得我驻外使(领)馆经商参处(室)同意后,报商务部。

  (三)地方主管部门核准或上报境外加工贸易项目,应会签地方经贸主管部门。地方经贸主管部门应于5个工作日内提出会签意见。

  (四)需从境内购汇和汇出外汇的境外加工贸易项目,在报地方主管部门前,应由所在地外汇分局或外汇管理部按照《国家外汇管理局关于简化境外投资外汇资金来源审查有关问题的通知》(汇发[2003]43号)的有关规定进行境外投资外汇资金来源审查。中方投资额在300万美元(含300万美元)以下项目的境外投资外汇资金来源审查,由投资主体所在地外汇分局或外汇管理部办理。中方投资额在300万美元以上的项目,由投资主体所在地外汇分局或外汇管理部初审后上报国家外汇管理局审查。

  三、境外加工贸易项目审核重点

  各级主管部门在核准境外加工贸易项目时,审核的主要材料包括:境外加工贸易项目基本情况(特别是投资主体资质和带动产品出口的情况),境外加工贸易企业合同、章程,投资主体营业执照(副本)、外汇局关于境外投资外汇资金来源审查的批复;不再审批境外加工贸易项目建议书和可行性研究报告。

  四、境外带料加工装配企业批准证书

  《境外带料加工装配企业批准证书》(以下简称批准证书)是商务部统一印制、证明境外加工贸易项目经国家对外投资主管部门最终核准的法律文件。地方主管部门在核准境外加工贸易项目后,须填写《境外加工贸易企业登记备案表》(格式附后)并加盖公章,连同核准文件、驻外使(领)馆经商参处(室)意见及外汇管理部门的外汇资金来源审查意见,报商务部登记备案并领取批准证书。待网上发证条件成熟后,批准证书由地方主管部门代发。
投资主体取得批准证书后,应按规定于60天内到所在地外汇分局或外汇管理部办理境外投资外汇登记。凭批准证书和外汇资金来源审查的批复办理购汇和汇出资金手续。

  五、投资主体投资于境外加工贸易项目,应首先使用其自有外汇资金,自有外汇资金不足的,可以使用国内外汇贷款或通过购汇解决。

  六、未经商务部许可,地方主管部门不得将境外加工贸易审批权限向下一级单位下放。

  七、自《国务院办公厅转发外经贸部、国家经贸委、财政部关于鼓励企业开展境外带料加工装配业务意见的通知》(国办发[1999]17号)下发以来,境外加工贸易对于促进对外关系的发展、扩大出口、深化产业结构调整以及培育我国跨国公司等方面起到了重要作用。在今后相当长的一段时期内,这项业务仍是我国境外投资的一个重点鼓励方向。各单位要按照国办发[1999]17号的精神,继续做好这项业务的组织和推动工作,在工作中注意及时发现问题、总结经验;与我驻外使(领)馆经商参处(室)密切沟通,加强对境外加工贸易项目的组织、管理和协调,避免在境外盲目布点、重复建设、无序竞争。

  本通知下发后,各单位在工作中有何问题、意见和建议,请及时向商务部(合作司)和国家外汇管理局(资本司)报告。

  特此通知



                        商务部、国家外汇管理局
                        二○○三年六月二十六日